第二部分目錄
Section Two Index

Motor Learning and Performance of Running

不同種類的技能
Different Types of Skill  

跑步應當如何分類?
How Can Running be Categorized? 

肌動學習的定義
Definition of Motor Learning  

人的資訊處理系統模型
The Human Information Processing Model  

反應時間與抉擇
Reaction Time and Decision Making  

影響反應時間與抉擇的因素
Factors Affecting Reaction Time and Decision Making  

可供選擇的數量
Number of Stimulus-Response Alternatives  

刺激與選擇的兼容程度
Stimulus-Response Compatibility  

練習量
Amount of Practice

預測能力
Anticipation

在壓力及喚醒下作抉擇
Decision Making Under Stress and Arousal

反射動作
Reflex Action

注意力和技能表現的關係
Attention and Skill Performance  

記憶系統
The Memory Systems

短期感覺儲存
Short-term Sensory Store

短期記憶
Short-term Memory

長期記憶
Long-term Memory  

感覺信息的來源
Sources of Sensory Information

視覺系統
Visual System

封閉迴路控制系統
Closed-loop Control System 

開放迴路控制系統
Open-loop Control System

肌動程式
Motor Program

通用肌動程式
Generalized Motor Program

速度與準確度的取捨
Speed vs. Accuracy

技能學習的階段
Stages of Skill Learning

語言認知階段
Verbal-cognitive Stage

肌動階段
Motor Stage

自動化階段
Autonomous Stage

訓練課安排的基本原則
Principles of Arranging Practice

訓練課應包括「練習」和「測試」
Practice vs. Trial

避免過度使用「引導」技術
Avoid Overusing Guidance Techniques

身體訓練要與心理訓練要相結合
Physical Practice vs. Mental Practice

「完整練習」與「分部練習」
W
hole Practice vs. Part Practice

集中練習」與分散練習」
Massed Practice vs. Distributed Practice

聯鎖練習」與隨機練習」
Blocked Practice vs. Random Practice

恆量練習」與變量練習」
Constant Practice vs. Variable Practice

慢動作下練習
Practicing in Slow Motion

疑練習
Simulation Practice

學習轉移
Transfer of Learning  

回饋
Feedback  

回饋的作用
Functions of Feedback

要給甚麼回饋?
What to give in Feedback?

要給多少回饋?
How much to give in Feedback?  

何時給與回饋?
When to Give Feedback?  

降低對回饋的倚賴
Reduce Dependency on Feedback

技能學習的障礙
Obstacles to Skill Learning


Back to Section Two